AN ARCHITECTURAL PSYCHOLOGY APPROACH TO THE DESIGN OF A NURSING HOME IN MEDAN

Abstract

Indonesia is currently experiencing an ageing population, with older adults accounting for more than 10% of the total population since 2020. In North Sumatra, the elderly population continues to increase annually, creating a growing demand for facilities that adequately support their physical, psychological, and social well-being. Many older adults experience declining functional abilities, dependency, loneliness, and depression, while existing nursing homes are often associated with negative public perceptions due to limited consideration of residents' psychological needs and inadequate recreational facilities. This design project aims to apply an architectural psychology approach to the design of a nursing home in Medan by examining the principles of architectural psychology in elderly care environments, developing spatial programs and spatial organization that accommodate the needs of both independent and dependent older adults, and creating a built environment that enhances psychological comfort and quality of life. A qualitative research method was employed through the collection and analysis of relevant literature, design standards, precedent studies, and supporting data to formulate appropriate design strategies. The proposed design integrates architectural psychology principles with public recreational functions, including green open spaces, communal areas, sports facilities, and other supporting amenities, to promote physical and psychological well-being while encouraging interaction between residents and the surrounding community. By emphasizing recreational function and psychologically responsive design, the proposed nursing home seeks to reduce the negative stigma associated with institutional elderly care, foster social engagement, minimize feelings of isolation and depression, enhance self-confidence and happiness among older adults, and ultimately create a supportive, inclusive, and therapeutic environment that improves their overall quality of life.